Single Phase Induction
Motor:
A motor is the
fundamental of all the electrical appliances and even it’s a important phenomena for the
invention of electricity. In this article we have explained about the fundamental
of single phase induction motors, its construction, working principle and
applications etc.,
Single phase induction
motor is likely to be used the most, even more than three phase induction motors.
As a single phase motor is normally used for domestic purposes, industrial
purposes and for other purposes at a large scale. As single phase supply is
normally available everywhere. In the world of electrical there are mainly two
types of charges AC and DC.Here induction used with single phase implies it's
relation with A.C(alternating current).Induction can only be produced in AC.The
most surprising thing about single phase induction motor is that they are not
self starting. You must be thinking then how will we start this machine? By
hands?Suppose if every time we have to start it and then give a little push to
start it this isn't convenient.So there are mainly 3 methods to start a single
phase induction motor, by using double winding, by using starting capacitor or
by using running capacitor with it.
Construction of a
single phase induction motor:
A single phase
induction motor consists of two windings one is called the main winding and the
other is called auxiliary winding.Just like every motor, it also have to main
parts the rotating part of the motor is known as rotor and the stationary part
of the motor is called the stator. Both stator and rotor works like their name implies.As
you add supply to the motor the,rotor is the rotating part of the motor giving
mechanical output. A rotor doesn’t contain any of the two windings.The two
windings of this motor are wounded on the Stator.Rotor consists of solid
conductors having more thickness and is sorted by rings. If you see rotor you
will get to see cage like structure.Now these conductors are solid copperbars.
Working:
On applying A.C
current to a single phase induction motor the current goes to the main winding
and auxiliary winding at the same time due to which flux is produced in it. Two
windings producing flux are arranged at 90 degree to each other or we say when
the face difference is 90 degree or less it will produce a rotatory magnetic
field. Rotating magnetic field means a rotating flux is produced enables the
rotate to rotate on its Axis.This is how a single phase induction motor starts
to rotate.
Applications:
These single phase
induction motors are widely applied in Water Pumps, Compressors, Ceiling Fans,
Table Fans, Toys, Fountain, and Alternators.
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